Epigenetics & Training
Epigenetics describes how environment and training alter gene activity without changing the DNA sequence. Explains why training leaves lasting adjustments and muscle memory.
Auch bekannt als: DNA-Methylierung, Genexpression, Muskelgedächtnis, Epigenetics
What is Epigenetics?
The DNA sequence is fixed, but which genes read is variable. Epigenetic markings (especially DNA methylation and histone modifications) switch genes on or off without changing the code → Protein biosynthesis.
Training as an epigenetic stimulus
- Strength training changes the methylation pattern of growth-related genes → these become easier to read
- Some of these markings can remain even after breaks in training
- Molecular component of the muscle memory: in addition to the preservation of myonuclei → Satellite cells
Influencing factors
- Training, diet, sleep, stress and environmental factors shape the epigenome
- Certain nutrients (e.g. folic acid, B12) provide methyl groups → Folic acid
Meaning
- Explains why adaptations are sustainable and training earlier provides benefits later
- Boundary between genetic predisposition (fixed) and gene activity that can be influenced (epigenetic) → Myostatin gene, ACTN3
Sources
- Seaborne RA et al. Human skeletal muscle possesses an epigenetic memory of hypertrophy. Sci Rep. 2018. PubMed
This article was created using AI systems. Find out more